Machine for punching and shearing metal



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

' (No Model.)

. I A. BEAUDRY. MACHINE FOR PUNGHING AND SHEARING METAL.

Patented Feb. 25,1890.

INVENTO'RZ WITNESSES I I Attorney.

N. PETERS, PholoLiUlcgfi-lpher. Walhingiom D, C.

' (No Model.) s Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. BEAUDRY. MAGHINE FOR PUNGHING'AND SHEARING METAL. No. 421,895. vPatented Feb.25, 1890. v

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(No Model.)

H A. BEAUDRY. MACHINE FOR PUNGHING AND SHEARING' METAL.-

No. 421,895. Patented Feb. 25, 1890.

INVENTOR:

. WITNESSES I -./1 ttorne y.

r.'. PETERS Pinata-Lithographer, Waminglom n. (z

UNITED STATES ATENT. FFICE.

ALEXANDER BEAUDRY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINE FOR PUNCHING AND SHEARING METAL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Did 421,895, dated February25, 1890.

Application filed June 10, 1889. Serial No. 313,805- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER BEAUDRY, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Boston, Suffolk county, Massachusetts, have inventedcertain Improvements in Machines for Punching, Shearing, and otherwiseWorking Metals, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to machines for working metals, such as thatembodied in my United States Patent No. 362,566, dated May 10, 1887.

In this class of machines the reciprocating.

plunger or coupling-slide is driven by an eccentric or crank in the mainshaft, the extent of its travel being uniform, and the reciprocatingtool-carrier or ram, which is counter balanced by a weight or spring,partakes of the whole or a part only of the movement of said slide, theextent of its movement being controlled by the workman through themedium of suitable mechanism operating in connection with thecoupling-slide and with said ram or tool-carrier. My present inventionrelates in part to improvements in this intermediate controllingmechanism, and in part to the holder for the Work that is being punchedor otherwise operated on.

In the accompanying drawings, serving to illustrate my invention, I haveshown it embodied in a machine provided with two reciprocating rams, oneof which is arranged for shearing and the other for punching.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine, a part of the head of themachine and one of the rams being represented in sectional elevation.Fig. 2 is a sectional front elevation of the machine, the plane of thesection being indicated by the line 2 2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detachedfragmentary view, on a larger scale, of apart of the mechanism seen inFig. 2, but with the parts indifferent positions. Fig. 3 is a plan viewof the transverse slide detached, on the same scale as Fig. 3. Figs. 4and 5 are respectively a plan and front view, on a large scale, of theholder for the work.

The heavy frame of the machine may be cast in one piece. n representsthe base or bed of the machine, and a the overhanging head of the same.In this head is rotatively mounted the main or crank shaft 12. On thisshaft is fixed a spur-wheel c, which gears with a pinion d on thedriving-shaft 6. On this latter shaft are the driving-pulleys f and thefly-wheel g. On shaft 1) are set two driving eccentrics or cranks b,Fig. 3, which impart the proper reciprocating motion to twocoupling-slides, one of which actuates the punch and the other theshears.

As the mechanism for operating the punch is the same as that foroperating the shears,

coupling-slide h is beveled on its lower end 7 and serrated on that end,as clearly shown in Fig.3. This slide plays in a bore or slidebearing inthe ram Z, and the upper ends of the ears j thereon form shoulders whichtake under lugs m (seen in Fig. 1) on the ram. The purpose of thisconstruction is to enable the slide in its upward movement to raise theram in case the tool should stick or bind, and withdraw the tool. Theram Zis mounted in guides in the head a of the machine, and iscounterbalanced, preferably, by aweight.

This counterbalancing device consists of a chain or other flexibleconnector 41, secured to the upper end of the ram Z and to an arm 0 on arock-shaft 0', mounted on the machine-head a. On the other end of theshaft 0 is an arm 0 from which another chain or connector or extendsdown to a suitable weight within the hollow of themachineframe. As suchcounterbalancing mechanisms are not new of themselves and as weights arecommon devices, I have not deemed it necessary to show them in thedrawings. In the ram Z is secured a to olcarrier 19, in which is a punchq.

The device whereby the workman controls the movements of. the ram andallows it to partake of more or less of the movements of thecoupling-slide will now be described.

Mounted in a cross mortise or aperture in the ram and arranged to playtransversely through said mortise is a transverse slide 7', (seendetached in Fig. 3%) the upper face of which is beveled to correspondwith the bevel on the end of the coupling-slide h, and serrated alsolike the beveled end or face of said slide. The transverse slide 7' hasribs or flanges r on its opposite sides, which engage correspondinggrooves in the faces of the mortise in which said slide plays. Theseribs and grooves serve as keepers or guides to prevent the slide 0' fromrising in its slideway. It will be obvious from what is described in myformer patent that the extent to which the ram is to partake of thedownward movement of the coupling-slide 71 will depend on the positionof the transverse slide '2'. If this slide is pushed in to its fullestextent, as represented in Fig. 2, then the ram will partake of the fullmovement of the coupling-slide; but if the transverse slide be partlywithdrawn, as represented in Fig. 8, the ram will partake of only a partof the movement of the coupling-slide. The serrations of the surfaces ofthe two slides that are in contact prevent the slipping of one beveledface on the other when the pressure is brought to bear, and avoids thelateral or side strain on the coupling-slide which would ensue if thesurfaces were smooth.

In order that the workman may move the transverse slide r in more orless, as desired, by means of a treadle, I provide the mechanism I willnow describe. A racks is mounted horizontally in the head of themachine, its inner end projecting into an openin in the side of the ramZ. 011 this inner end of the rack is a cross-head s,which engagescross-head guides or keepers s on. the end of the transverse slide 7'.By moving this rack in or out in its slidebearing in the head of themachine theltransverse slide will be moved in or out with it; but as thetransverse slide moves up and down with the ram at right angles to themovement of the rack this cross-head and its guides are necessary topermit of this independent movement of the rack and slide. The rack s ismoved in and out by means of the followingdescribed mechanism: On theside of the machine-head a is rotatively mounted a shaft '1, on which issecured a pinion it, (seen in Fig. 2,) which gears with the rack .9. Onthe other end of the shaft t is secured a pinion n, which gears with anupright rack in, the lower end of which is coupled to an arm a; on atreadleshaft y, mounted in hearings on the bed (0. On this shaft is atreadle By prcssin on the treadle .2 with his foot the workman drives upthe rack 10, rotates the shaft '6, and thus pushes in the rack s andtransverse slide 1'. \Vhen he removes his foot, a spring ta on the rackto reverses the movement and automatically withdraws the transverseslide, thus rendering the ram Z inoperative.

1 will now briefly enumerate the corresponding parts of the shears (atthe left in Fig. 1) so far as they appeal. on. the drawings.

I prefer to set the cranks or eccentrics b in shaft 1) opposite, so thatone ram will. be elevated when the other is lowered, and this positionis seen in Fig. 1. The connecting yoke 21 of the shears is coupled to acouplingslide like slide 71; but this slide does not ap pear in thedrawings. Z is the ram of the shears, and m the lugs thereon. 1') is thetool-holder in this ram, and q the upper or moving blade of the shearssecured in said holder. 1 is the lower or fixed blade of the shears, and(1 is the stripper-bar. The counter-balance for the ram Z comprises arockshaft o' having arms 0 and 0 to which are attach ed,respectively,the chain or connector 713 and the-chain leading to theweight. The weights are represented in dotted lines in Fig. 1. Tooperate the transverse slide in the ram 1', I employa horizontal rack3*, like rack s, a sleeve t on shaft 1. carrying a pinion e, which gearswith rack s", and a pinion "0, which gears with an upright rack 10'.This rack is coupled at its lower end to an arm as on a sleeve g onshaft 7 said sleeve having an operating-treadle .2. On the rack in is aretracting-spring 10.

The serrations on the beveled faces of the slides h and r are not in theform of steps--* that is, they do not have their respective facesarranged perpendicular to and parallel with the axis of the slide 71..011 the contrary, the planes of these faces stand at less than a rightangle with the axis of the slide, and at right angles, or nearly so,with each other. The object of this construction is to prevent anylateral slip of one beveled face on the other when the pressure isbrought to bear.

I will now describe the construction of the holder for the article beingpunched or operated on, and will refer specially to Figs. -11: and 5 fora fuller understanding of this device.

A is the holder as a whole. This holder, as here represented, isdesigned for gripping, steadying, and centering a cylindrical barorshaft while a hole is being punched diametri' cally through the same.

1 is the base or shoe of the holder, which will be secured to the bed a.of the machine in the position represented in Figs. 1 and 2. In theupper face of this shoe is a slidcway or recess, in which rests aslide-plate 2, on which are mounted two wedges 3 3, which are pivotallysecured to the said slide-plate at their broader ends by vertical pinsor studs 4 4. In Fig. 5 portions of the wedge and plate are broken awayto show the stud 4. By means of a lever 5, pivotally fulcrumed on thefixed shoe 1 and coupled at 5 to an arm on the slide-plate 2, theworkman may slide said plate to and fro in the slideway in the shoe.Theplate carries the wedges 3 3 with it, by reason of the pivotalattachment of the latter to said plate, but the wedges are free to playor swing laterally. At the'baek of the shoe is secured a bar 6, throughwhich pass adjusting-screws 7 '7, which screw into the ends, re-

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spectively, of two wedges 8 8, which stand in the slideway in the shoe,between the lateral walls of the slideway and the inclined faces of thewedges 3 3. The screws 7, which are provided with lock-nuts, enable thewedges S to be set in or out, as required. These wedges 8 rest on theslide-plate 2. Between the inner (and parallel) faces of the wedges 3 3are placed two clamp jaws 9 9, in the juxtaposed faces of which areformed the grooves which fit the bar to be punched. In the present caseeach jaw 9 has a half-round groove in its face, and the two jaws arethus adapted to embrace a cylindrical bar. These jaws rest on theslide-plate 2, and to prevent them from moving to and fro with saidplate I mount on the shoe 1 a stripper 10, which extends over theslideway therein; and I form in this plate laterally-extended slots 11,through which pass pins or screws 12, that are fixed in the jaws'9. Theslots allow the jaws to open and close to a sufficient extent, but donot allow them to move endwise. In the stripper-plate, the jaws, theslide-plate, and the shoe are formed the necessary coinciding aperturesfor the passage of the punch. These are indicated in Fig. 4: by thenumeral 13.

The operation is-as follows: Suppose a mortise or aperture is to beformed by punching in a cylindrical bar of the proper size to fit thespace between the jaws. Theworkman draws back the slide-plate 2,carrying the Wedges 3, by means of the lever 5, andthis frees the jaws9, so that they can separate a little laterally.

.tween the jaws and forces the wedges 3 in again with the lever. Thiscauses the wedges to drive the jaws inward equally, so that they willcenter the bar and clamp it firmly. The punch now descends and punches ahole diametrically through the bar. After the punch withdraws theWorkman again draws back the slide-plate and wedges to an extentsufficient to free the jaws, when the bar may be drawn out. Theconstruction of the jaws is such as to preserve the normal cylindricalform of the bar at the point where the punch passes through. The jawsmay be made to fit and clamp a bar or piece of metal of any form, size,or contour.

The wedges 8 are fixed while the punching is going on, and they might befixed permanently to the shoe 1. I make these wedges 8 adjustable inorder to adapt them for clamping jaws 9 of different widths. I have forsimplicity denominated the parts .9, 5 10, and w racks, although eachhas teeth for a portion of its length only.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 7 1. The combination, withthe ram mounted in guides, of the couplingslide mounted in guides insaid ram and provided with a beveled and serrated face, means forimparting a reciprocating motion to said slide, means for balancing saidram and its attachments,

He now inserts the bar be-- the transverse slide mounted in and carriedby said ram and having a beveled and serrated face, and means forimparting an in-- and-out movement to said transverse slide, as setforth.

2. The combination, with'the raml and the transverse slide 1" mountedtherein, and provided with keepers of the mechanism foractuating saidslide, said mechanism comprising a rack s, mounted in sliding bearingsin the head of the machine and provided witha head 8, engaging thekeepers on the slide, the upright rack to, the shaft '25, the pinions'uand 'v thereon, gearing, respectively, with the racks s and w, thetreadle and its shaft, whereby the rack 10 is operated, and theretracting-spring connected with said rack w, all operatingsubstantially as set forth. I 3. The combination, with the two ramsarranged abreast and the transverse slides arranged therein, of themechanism for actuating said slides, comprising the two. racks s and sthe shaft 25, and the pinions a and Q7 thereon, the tubular shaft, theformer gearing with the rack 5*, the upright racks w and to,

gearing, respectively, with the pinions c and s o, the treadleshaft y,provided with a treadle z, and an arm :0, to which the rack to iscoupled, the tubular treadle-shaft y on the shaft y, and provided with atreadle z and with an arm m", to which the rack w is coupled,

and the retracting-sprin gs on the said upright racks, as set forth.

4; A holder for the piece beingoperated on, comprising the shoe 1,havinga slideway,

the slide-plate mounted therein,the operating-lever coupled to saidslide-plate, the

wedges 3 3, pivotally attached to the slide-- plate and embracing theclamping-jaws, the said clamping-jaws furnished with stops to preventtheir endwise movement, and the wedges 8 8, arranged between the wallsof theslideway and the movable wedges, all combined and arrangedsubstantially as described. r

5. A holder for the piece being operated 011, comprising the shoe 1,having a slideway, the slide-plate in said slideway and its operatinglever, the movable Wedges pivotally connected at their broader ends tothe slideplate and resting thereon, the jaws 9, e1n-. braced betweensaid movable wedges, the

wedges 8, arranged between the movablewedges and the wallsof theslideway, and the screws for adjusting said wedges 8, all combined andarranged substantially as set forth.

6. A holder for the piece beingoperated on, consisting of the shoe 1,having a recessed slideway, the stripper-plate 10, mounted on said shoeand bridging said slideway, the

clamping-jaws arranged in said slideway under the stripper plate, thestuds 12, fixed in said jaws, respectively,and projecting through slots11 in the stripper-plate, the slide-plate and its operating=lever, themovable wedges carried by the slide-plate and embracing the my name inthe presence of two subscribing clamping-jaws, and the non-moving WedgesWitnesses.

arran ed respectively between the movable V r T, 1 1

wedge s and the W2L1lS 0f the recessed slide- ALELAADER LLAUDRX' 5wayyall combined and arranged substantially Vitnesses:

as set forth. CHAS. P. SEARLE,

In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed R. A. SEARS.

